A full carbon emission calculation method is proposed, whose accounts include energy consumption carbon emission, potential carbon consumption of biomass resource consumption, and potential carbon consumption of waste emission. The solar emergy is used as a tool of the same normalized dimension for calculating the amount of full carbon emission. Based on the full carbon emission calculation, population carrying capacity of one unit carbon emission, economic output of one unit carbon emission, and per capita disposable income of one unit carbon emission are considered into one package to construct an index to evaluate the carbon efficiency and development coordination level of a region, and the index is named carbon emission performance integrated index. Taking Beijing and Chongqing as examples, an assessment is made from 2001 to 2011 with the result that the proportion of energy consumption carbon emission in the full carbon emission of the two cities is raised continuously, which indicates that even in the view of full carbon emission, energy consumption is still the main factor affecting carbon emission; however, the effects from modes of both life and production on carbon emission also cannot be neglected. Compared with the traditional carbon efficiency evaluation with only energy carbon emission and carbon production rate considered, the carbon integrated performance evaluation based on “full carbon emission calculation” can fairly and objectively reflect carbon performance of a region, thus it provides a scientific method to identify the responsibility of regional carbon emission reduction.

Based on statistical data in 2006, the indices of population density, population concentration, urbanization, economic strength, and economic, agricultural and industrial concentration of the regions surrounding Chinese ten major freshwater lakes are calculated, which indicate that most regions around freshwater lakes are not only the areas with relative concentrated population and high urbanization level, but also the polar of increasing economy and superior agriculture products bases for the positioned provinces or cities, and their development deeply depends on lakes' fresh water resources supply. On the other hand, existing documents show that water environment security situations of Chinese freshwater lakes are nowbecoming more and more serious, facing the problems of sharp falling of area, continuously worsening of water quality, rather serious eutrophication, bad damage of lake shores and dramatic decreasing of biodiversity. As water environment security of freshwater lakes deals with the overall situation of regional or national societies and economies, the authors suggest improving freshwater lake environmental monitoring and early-warning system, constructing more diversified prevention and treatment system for freshwater lake environmental problems, and strengthening technology support for key areas.

The turbulent flow near the windbreak is simulated in the boundary layer wind tunnel. Wavelet analysis is used to study the turbulent signal in the lee side of the windbreak. Compared with the flow without windbreak, the turbulent energy and the frequency of vortex are reduced dramatically. The evidence shows how the wind break prevents the dust emission.

Urban air pollution is a quite severe problem in China. Imposing restriction on total emission quantity of air pollutants will be a major environmental management measure to have the situation control. Based on several case studies, the method of working out a total emission quantity plan for control of air pollution has been developed, and the concept of emission equivalent was introduced. The permitted total emission equivalent quantity of urban air pollutants and its distribution in urban area, which can be used as regional air pollution control index and can be allocated to each major pollution source to determinate its permitted emission quantity, can be worked out by making up regional air pollutants shift matrix and by using linear programming model. We have applied this method in the total emission quantity control plan of urban air pollutants and discovered that permitted emission quantity of urban air pollutants is in direct proportion to emission height's α power. α is a parameter that provide scientific basis for allocating total permitted emission quantity. It ranges from 0 to 1 and equals 0.80 in Jinan city.